Pick a group. On the left, the chain of stakes that carries control from the family down to the group's crown jewel. On the right, how little the family directly owns versus how much it effectively controls.
The wider picture. Across all designated groups the controlling families directly own only about 3.7%, yet the inner circle controls roughly 62.4% — a gap of about 17× (KFTC aggregate, 81 groups, as of 2025-05-01). The per-group figures above use each group's own latest data (KFTC 2026).
Each group solves the same problem differently — a pyramid (LG), a two-tier holding (SK), an insurance bridge (Samsung), a closed ring (Hyundai Motor), a Japan-routed spine (Lotte). English names follow official KFTC romanizations, lightly cleaned. Nothing here is investment advice.